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Operations research for evidence based decision making
Vision Centres managed 6.98% of all outpatients presenting with eye injuries across 35 facilities, with 66.5% occurring in working-age adults (20–59 years), demonstrating significant community cost savings by treating patients locally and avoiding travel to the base hospital
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Rajendran VK, Gowth AM, Balasubramanian A, Kowsalya A, Mani I, Joseph S, Ravilla TD
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Tele-ophthalmic examination (TOE) conducted at vision centres achieved high sensitivity and specificity for identifying normal eyes (87.4% and 93.5%) and cataracts (91.7%), demonstrating acceptable accuracy compared to in-person examination by an ophthalmologist
Joseph S, Rajendran VK, Khetwani D, Uduman MS, Ramasamy D, Gowth AM, Kowsalya A, Ehrlich JR, Ravilla TD
Delana K, Deo S, Ramdas K, Subburaman G-B B, Ravilla T.
Multichannel Delivery in Healthcare: The Impact of Telemedicine Centers in Southern India.
Management Science. 2022 Jul 21.
Published in a leading management science journal, this study analyses the impact of telemedicine centres as an additional channel for healthcare delivery alongside brick-and-mortar facilities in southern India. It provides quantitative evidence that multichannel strategies increase patient reach without cannibalising existing services.
Gupta S, Ravindran RD, Vardhan A, Ravilla TD.
Evaluation and model to achieve sex parity in cataract surgical coverage in Theni district, India.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2024 Mar 19.
This study analyses gender disparities in cataract surgical coverage and proposes a targeted model to achieve equity between men and women. It is an important reference for hospitals and policymakers seeking to address the persistent gap in eye care access for women.
Sachin Gupta, Palsule-Desai OD, Gnanasekaran C, Thulasiraj RD.
Spillover Effects of Mission Activities on Revenues in Nonprofit Health Care: The Case of Aravind Eye Hospitals, India.
J Marketing Res. 2018:1-16.
This study demonstrates how mission-driven free and subsidised care activities generate positive spillover effects on revenue from paying patients at Aravind Eye Hospitals. It provides a compelling business case for nonprofit eye hospitals to maintain their social mission as a driver of long-term financial sustainability.
Ramasamy D, Joseph S, Valaguru V, Mitta VP, Ravilla TD, Cotch MF.
Cluster randomized trial to compare spectacle delivery systems at outreach eye camps in South India.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2013 Oct;20(5):308–14.
This cluster randomised trial compares different models for delivering spectacles at outreach camps in south India, assessing their effectiveness in ensuring patients actually receive and use their prescribed correction. It provides evidence to guide programme managers on the most effective spectacle delivery strategy for outreach settings.
Joseph S, Kim R, Ravindran RD, Fletcher AE, Thulasiraj RD
Effectiveness of Teleretinal Imaging–Based Hospital Referral Compared With Universal Referral in Identifying Diabetic Retinopathy: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA Ophthalmol. 2019;137:786-792.
This cluster randomised trial compares targeted tele retinal imaging-based referral with universal referral for identifying diabetic retinopathy, demonstrating the efficiency and accuracy of a technology-enabled approach. It is a landmark study for eye hospitals designing diabetic retinopathy screening pathways.
Subburaman G-BB, Gupta S, Ravilla T, Mertens H, Webers CAB, van Merode F.
Factors enabling data-based management in healthcare: Insights from case studies of Eye Hospitals.
Hospitals. 2025;2(4):25.
This study examines the organisational and technological conditions that enable eye hospitals to practise data-based management, drawing on case studies from multiple institutions. It provides practical insights for hospital leaders seeking to build the internal capability for data-driven decision-making.
Krishnaveni G, Joseph S, Thulasiraj R.
Uptake pattern of training programs over two decades at an International Ophthalmic Training Institute in India.
Indian J Ophthalmol. 2023 Jan;71(1):268-274.
This study analyses trends in the uptake of ophthalmic training programmes over twenty years at a leading international training institute, providing insights into the evolving demand for eye care education globally. It is a key reference for institutions planning training capacity and curriculum development.
Gupta S, Ravilla RD, Aravind H, Chandrashekharan S, Ravilla TD.
Changing patterns in cataract surgery indications, outcomes, and costs, 2012–2023: a retrospective study at Aravind Eye Hospitals, India.
Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia. 2025 Jan 17;33:100530.
This decade-long retrospective study tracks how cataract surgery indications, visual outcomes, and costs have evolved at Aravind Eye Hospitals, offering a comprehensive picture of programme maturation. Published in Lancet Regional Health, it provides a benchmark for eye hospitals seeking to assess and improve their own surgical quality and cost profiles over time.
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